The length of time that a woman experiences active miscarrying will vary. Some women bleed heavily only for a few hours; others will experience spotting or bleeding for days or even weeks.

The umbilicus is the small piece of cord left after it has been cut following birth. After several days it will fall off. Keep the area clean and dry, and watch for signs of infection such as pus or redness.

Use of injectable fertility drugs to induce ovulation can cause OHSS, in which your ovaries become swollen and painful.

Hyperprolactinemia causes infertility in around 11% of oligospermic males. Hyperprolactinemia also directly influences spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis by acting on prolactin receptors present in Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in testes, and produces primary hypogonadism and infertility.

Prolactin is a hormone that plays a role in fertility by inhibiting follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), the hormones that trigger ovulation and allow eggs to develop and mature.

Birth control shot releases a hormone — progestin — into the body. Progestin works by keeping eggs from leaving the ovaries. Pregnancy cannot happen if there is no egg to join the sperm.